Australia seems to be facing increasing miscarriages of justice cases: people who are not guilty are jailed for years, sometimes decades, the guilty go free, and relatives suffer major trauma, sometimes twice and thrice over. CLA member Barbara Etter – with law, police, and other formal integrity and academic qualifications – calls for police to change their prime investigative model, and for governments to create Criminal Cases Review Commissions, in this topical address to the ANZ Society of Criminology.